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INTRODUCTION

 

In 15th Century Islam have been well developed in Java. It was spread by first Moslem missionaries, who have become to be known as “Wali Songo” ( Nine Saint of Islam ).They were having been especially influencial in the transformation of Javanese religion and culture. The tomb can be found scattered along north coast of Java island between Cirebon and Surabaya. Here below  are figure of Walis Songo :

 

MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM

(Syekh Maghibri)

Maulana Malik Ibrahim, also known as Syekh Maghribi or Sunan Gresik, is generally considered to be the 'father' of the Wali Songo ( Nine Saints ). He arrive in Java in about  A. D. 1404 came from Persia

As one of Indonesia's pioneers in the spreading of the Islamic faith, he settled in East Java and attracted converts in the region of Gresik, where he died in  A.D. 1419 and was buried in Gapura Village – City Sub District, Gresik.  His tombstone is of particular interest because the stone, carved from white marble and intricately inscribed with Arabic letters and was shipped to Java from Gujarat in north western India. 

 

SUNAN AMPEL

(Raden Rachmat )

SUNAN AMPEL
(Raden Rachmat )

Sunan Ampel or Raden Rachmat is recognized as the figure who cultivated and consolidated the influence of his predecessor. He created “ Pegon” letter ( Javanese language written  in Arabic ) to assist the people easier understanding of Islam teachings.  And one of his well known teachings “Mo Limo” ( refusing the five deeds which is forbidden in Islam such as : drug abuse, gambling, alcoholic drink, stealing and adultery ). He arrive in Java early in 15th Century. He died in A. D. 1479 and was buried in Ampel Denta Surabaya.    

SUNAN DRAJAT

(Syarifuddin or Raden Qosim)

 

Sunan Drajat, also known as Syarifuddin, or Raden Qosim, is brother of Sunan Bonang. He received religious teachings from his father ( Sunan Ampel ) and then after having enough learned moved to the region of Paciran, settling in the village of Jelag. Latter the Village was known as Drajat. Sunan Drajat used “gamelan’ ( Javanese music instrument ) as a media to spread Islamic faith. As the other walis he also created a Javanese song “gending Pangkur”. He died and was buried in Drajat Village, Paciran Sub District, Lamongan.

 

SUNAN GIRI

(Raden Paku)                  Sunan Giri  was aborn in A. D. 1442, is son of Maulana Iskak ( from samarkan ) and Dewi Sekar Dadu ( from Blambangan, Banyuwangi ). His names are many, among them Raden Paku, Sultan Abdul Fakih, Maulana 'Ainul Yaqin, as well as Joko Samudra. When a baby, he was put in a box and thrown a way to Samudra ( see ) then he found by  a women named Nyai Gede Pinatih, the merchant of Gresik in Bali Streat. Here, he was adopted by  Nyai Gede Pinatih, who was a ship owner and sailors' employer. She subsequently named the young boy Joko Samudra, 'Samudra' meaning ocean. Afterreceining religious instructions from Sunan Ampel, he settled in Gresik and spread Islamic faith there. He also composed many Javanese songs, such as : Asmaradana. Padang Bulan, etc. He died in  A. D. 1506 and was buried at Giri Gajah Village – Kebomas Sub District, Gresik.

 

SUNAN GUNUNG JATI

(Syarif Hidayatullah)      Syarif Hidayatullah, Muhammad Nuruddin, Sayyid Kamil, Syekh Nurullah, and Faletehan are just some of the names which have been given to Sunan Gunung Jati, the wali who is said to have converted the western third of Java Islam virtually single-handed and to have founded the independent State of Cirebon. He received religious teaching in the Middle East. Returning to Java, he focused his activities in Gunung Jati, Cirebon ( West Java ) to spread Islamic teaching. After getting enough followers, he built Kasultanan Cirebon kingdom. He succeeded in attacking Portuguese at Sunda Kelapa ( Jakarta ) assisted by Patahilah. He died in A.D. 1540 and was buried at Sembung Hill, Gunung Jati Sub District, Cirebon.

 

SUNAN KALIJAGA

(Raden Mas Said)        Among the Wali Songo, Sunan Kalijaga was known as the great peacemaker and a wise leader. Born as Raden Mas Said, son of Tumenggung Wilatikta a Regent of Tuban, he centered his activities to spread Islamic faith  at Kadilangu, Demak and built a Great Mosque in single night. Sunan Klijaga had a duty to prepare and make a pillar, but he arrived late, no time to prepare a tree trunk, therefore up a pillar from planks left over by  the other walis, so to this day the pillar created by Sunan Kalijaga is larger than others is pointed out visitors to the mosque. He created Javanese song “gending Ilir-ilir” and “ gamelan sekaten” as a media of his Islamic teaching. The later to day is preserved in central Javanese courts of Jogja and Solo. He died and was buried in Kadilangu, Demak.

SUNAN KUDUS

( Ja'far Shodiq)               Sunan Kudus or Ja’far Shodiq is a son of Raden Usman ( a commander in Chief the force of the Kingdom of Demak ). The names 'Ja'far Shodiq' and even 'Kudus' itself; however, have puzzled historians since the former was the name of an 8th century Persian Imam (Muslim spiritual leader), and Kudus (Arabic Al Quds = Holy City) was the ancient name for the city of Jerusalem. Sunan Kudus was known  to have a very wise strategy and to be close to the local faith ( Hindu – Buddhist ). As a proof is the sytle of the gate of AL- Aqso Mosque and Minaret of Kudus resembling “Pura” and “wudlu” ( place used for taking holy water ). They resemble with one of Buddhist teaching “ Asta Arya Marga” or 8 steps in life. He created Javanese song “mijil and mas kumambang”. Sunan Kudus died in A.D. 1550 and was buried in Kudus.

 

SUNAN MURIA

(Raden Umar Said)         Raden Umar Said, later to become known as Sunan Muria, is son of Sunan Kalijaga and Dewi Sarah. He focused his activities in the area surrounding Mt Muria, including towns like Pati, Juwana, Kudus, and Jepara. Like other walis, he also created Javanese songs “kinathi and sinom” as a media spread his teaching. He died and was buried  at Colo Village in the area of Mount Muria, the South of Kudus

 

 

 

 

SUNAN BONANG

(Raden Makhdum Ibrahim)

Raden Makhdum Ibrahim, or Sunan Bonang, is the eldest son of Sunan Ampel . As a young man, he travelled together with Raden Paku (Sunan Giri) to North Sumatra, where he received a religious education from Syekh Maulana Ishak. Following his return to Java, he settled at Bonang, Tuban regency. It is said that Sunan Bonang did not get married and left no descendants, preferring devoting his life to spreading the religious message. He used “bonang” ( a kind of Javanese music instrument ) to attract the people. In A.D. 1525 he died and was buried behind Jami’  Mosque in Kuthorejo Village, Tuban Regency. 

According to one story, Sunan Bonang was responsible for the conversion to Islam of another member of the Wali Songo, Sunan Kalijaga. Not suprising then that he, like his famous student, is highly venerated.

 

 

 

 
Text Box: INTRODUCTION   In 15th Century Islam have been well developed in Java. It was spread by first Moslem missionaries, who have become to be known as “Wali Songo” ( Nine Saint of Islam ).They were having been especially influencial in the transformation of Javanese religion and culture. The tomb can be found scattered along north coast of Java island between Cirebon and Surabaya. Here below  are figure of Walis Songo :   MAULANA MALIK IBRAHIM (Syekh Maghibri) Maulana Malik Ibrahim, also known as Syekh Maghribi or Sunan Gresik, is generally considered to be the 'father' of the Wali Songo ( Nine Saints ). He arrive in Java in about  A. D. 1404 came from Persia As one of Indonesia's pioneers in the spreading of the Islamic faith, he settled in East Java and attracted converts in the region of Gresik, where he died in  A.D. 1419 and was buried in Gapura Village – City Sub District, Gresik.  His tombstone is of particular interest because the stone, carved from white marble and intricately inscribed with Arabic letters and was shipped to Java from Gujarat in north western India.    SUNAN AMPEL (Raden Rachmat ) SUNAN AMPEL (Raden Rachmat ) Sunan Ampel or Raden Rachmat is recognized as the figure who cultivated and consolidated the influence of his predecessor. He created “ Pegon” letter ( Javanese language written  in Arabic ) to assist the people easier understanding of Islam teachings.  And one of his well known teachings “Mo Limo” ( refusing the five deeds which is forbidden in Islam such as : drug abuse, gambling, alcoholic drink, stealing and adultery ). He arrive in Java early in 15th Century. He died in A. D. 1479 and was buried in Ampel Denta Surabaya.     SUNAN DRAJAT (Syarifuddin or Raden Qosim)   Sunan Drajat, also known as Syarifuddin, or Raden Qosim, is brother of Sunan Bonang. He received religious teachings from his father ( Sunan Ampel ) and then after having enough learned moved to the region of Paciran, settling in the village of Jelag. Latter the Village was known as Drajat. Sunan Drajat used “gamelan’ ( Javanese music instrument ) as a media to spread Islamic faith. As the other walis he also created a Javanese song “gending Pangkur”. He died and was buried in Drajat Village, Paciran Sub District, Lamongan.   SUNAN GIRI (Raden Paku)                  Sunan Giri  was aborn in A. D. 1442, is son of Maulana Iskak ( from samarkan ) and Dewi Sekar Dadu ( from Blambangan, Banyuwangi ). His names are many, among them Raden Paku, Sultan Abdul Fakih, Maulana 'Ainul Yaqin, as well as Joko Samudra. When a baby, he was put in a box and thrown a way to Samudra ( see ) then he found by  a women named Nyai Gede Pinatih, the merchant of Gresik in Bali Streat. Here, he was adopted by  Nyai Gede Pinatih, who was a ship owner and sailors' employer. She subsequently named the young boy Joko Samudra, 'Samudra' meaning ocean. Afterreceining religious instructions from Sunan Ampel, he settled in Gresik and spread Islamic faith there. He also composed many Javanese songs, such as : Asmaradana. Padang Bulan, etc. He died in  A. D. 1506 and was buried at Giri Gajah Village – Kebomas Sub District, Gresik.   SUNAN GUNUNG JATI (Syarif Hidayatullah)      Syarif Hidayatullah, Muhammad Nuruddin, Sayyid Kamil, Syekh Nurullah, and Faletehan are just some of the names which have been given to Sunan Gunung Jati, the wali who is said to have converted the western third of Java Islam virtually single-handed and to have founded the independent State of Cirebon. He received religious teaching in the Middle East. Returning to Java, he focused his activities in Gunung Jati, Cirebon ( West Java ) to spread Islamic teaching. After getting enough followers, he built Kasultanan Cirebon kingdom. He succeeded in attacking Portuguese at Sunda Kelapa ( Jakarta ) assisted by Patahilah. He died in A.D. 1540 and was buried at Sembung Hill, Gunung Jati Sub District, Cirebon.   SUNAN KALIJAGA (Raden Mas Said)        Among the Wali Songo, Sunan Kalijaga was known as the great peacemaker and a wise leader. Born as Raden Mas Said, son of Tumenggung Wilatikta a Regent of Tuban, he centered his activities to spread Islamic faith  at Kadilangu, Demak and built a Great Mosque in single night. Sunan Klijaga had a duty to prepare and make a pillar, but he arrived late, no time to prepare a tree trunk, therefore up a pillar from planks left over by  the other walis, so to this day the pillar created by Sunan Kalijaga is larger than others is pointed out visitors to the mosque. He created Javanese song “gending Ilir-ilir” and “ gamelan sekaten” as a media of his Islamic teaching. The later to day is preserved in central Javanese courts of Jogja and Solo. He died and was buried in Kadilangu, Demak. SUNAN KUDUS ( Ja'far Shodiq)               Sunan Kudus or Ja’far Shodiq is a son of Raden Usman ( a commander in Chief the force of the Kingdom of Demak ). The names 'Ja'far Shodiq' and even 'Kudus' itself; however, have puzzled historians since the former was the name of an 8th century Persian Imam (Muslim spiritual leader), and Kudus (Arabic Al Quds = Holy City) was the ancient name for the city of Jerusalem. Sunan Kudus was known  to have a very wise strategy and to be close to the local faith ( Hindu – Buddhist ). As a proof is the sytle of the gate of AL- Aqso Mosque and Minaret of Kudus resembling “Pura” and “wudlu” ( place used for taking holy water ). They resemble with one of Buddhist teaching “ Asta Arya Marga” or 8 steps in life. He created Javanese song “mijil and mas kumambang”. Sunan Kudus died in A.D. 1550 and was buried in Kudus.   SUNAN MURIA (Raden Umar Said)         Raden Umar Said, later to become known as Sunan Muria, is son of Sunan Kalijaga and Dewi Sarah. He focused his activities in the area surrounding Mt Muria, including towns like Pati, Juwana, Kudus, and Jepara. Like other walis, he also created Javanese songs “kinathi and sinom” as a media spread his teaching. He died and was buried  at Colo Village in the area of Mount Muria, the South of Kudus         SUNAN BONANG (Raden Makhdum Ibrahim) Raden Makhdum Ibrahim, or Sunan Bonang, is the eldest son of Sunan Ampel . As a young man, he travelled together with Raden Paku (Sunan Giri) to North Sumatra, where he received a religious education from Syekh Maulana Ishak. Following his return to Java, he settled at Bonang, Tuban regency. It is said that Sunan Bonang did not get married and left no descendants, preferring devoting his life to spreading the religious message. He used “bonang” ( a kind of Javanese music instrument ) to attract the people. In A.D. 1525 he died and was buried behind Jami’  Mosque in Kuthorejo Village, Tuban Regency.  According to one story, Sunan Bonang was responsible for the conversion to Islam of another member of the Wali Songo, Sunan Kalijaga. Not suprising then that he, like his famous student, is highly venerated.